--Materials science
--Models and experiments for energy fields
--Mechanism of interaction between materials and tools
--Quantum phenomena
--Energy transformation and conversion
--Gradient materials and boundary layer alterations
--Atomic and molecular level control
--Mechanics in extreme manufacturing
--Super lubrication and tribology

--Generation of complex and hierarchical structures
--Ultrahigh accuracy machining
--High-energy beam machining
--Hybrid machining
--Machining of component with difficult-to-machine materials
--Surface diffusion and implantation at nanoscales
--Manufacturing in extreme scales
--Additive and additive/subtractive manufacturing

--Measurement on extreme scales
--Methods and algorithms
--Accuracy evaluation
--Performance verification of systems
--Internal inspection of materials
--Complex structures, contaminants, and residual stress
--Mechnical and thermal shock loads
--Novel principles of metrology

--Fundamentals of extreme manufacturing systems
--Systems development under extreme environments
--Components and devices at extreme scales
--Functional components and modules
--Integration at multidimensional scales

--Laser fusion
--Ultrahigh pressure
--Cryogenic temperature
--High-intensity magnetic field
--Novel approaches to generating critical conditions
--Integration of multiple extreme environments